Few artists have had as deep an impact on pop culture as Kanye West. Raised in Chicago by his mother, an English professor, West initially studied to be a painter while making beats on the side—a multidisciplinary drive that came to mark his career. After contributing production to a series of increasingly high-profile projects (including work with Foxy Brown and the Mase-fronted Harlem World), West broke through in 2001 with his work on JAY-Z’s u003ciu003eThe Blueprintu003c/iu003e, producing and cowriting some of the album’s biggest songs (“Izzo [H.O.V.A.],” “Takeover”). His chopped-and-pitched, sample-heavy “chipmunk soul” sound would define rap for years after.u003cbru003enHe launched his MC career with 2004’s u003ciu003eThe College Dropoutu003c/iu003e and hasn’t looked back, releasing a string of groundbreaking—and often self-contradicting—albums, each of them a pacesetter for the culture around it. From the baroque grandeur of u003ciu003eMy Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasyu003c/iu003e to the punk fragments of u003ciu003eYeezusu003c/iu003e, from the social commentary of u003ciu003eThe College Dropoutu003c/iu003e to the confessional summits of u003ciu003e808s & Heartbreaku003c/iu003e, West has always been at the leading edge, tirelessly expanding his scope and sound—and shifting everyone else’s playing field in the process. Much of that comes from his gift for listening, for orchestrating: Over the course of his career, he has absorbed sounds and styles from the underground—whether Chicago drill, UK bass music, or Bon Iver’s postmodern folk—and reimagined them, changing the course of the mainstream along the way. An outspoken figure (to say the least), West has shattered countless stereotypes about who rappers are and what they do, taking stances against homophobia and gangster posturing, offering multidimensional portraits of women and some bracingly reductive ones, advancing social causes one minute and declaring himself a god the next, controversially getting the attention of not one but u003ciu003ethreeu003c/iu003e sitting presidents, and playing both the face and the heel.u003cbru003e nHis vision hasn’t stopped at music. Always interested in fashion, West has designed for Nike, Louis Vuitton, and Adidas, as well as his own Yeezy Season line, reconciling the utility of streetwear with the playful tangents of haute couture. He’s also dabbled in sculpture (the infamous silicone figures from 2016’s “Famous” video), as well as announced his intention to move into architecture and prefabricated home design (Yeezy Home). Even when his experiments don’t quite land (in 2018, he claimed he was writing a philosophy book in real time on Twitter), there’s an ambition—and audacity—in West’s work that feels hard to deny. What we’re left with isn’t just a strong back catalog, but a seismic shift: the evolution of hip-hop into high art.